Alexander Pope Essay -- essays research papers

Alexander Pope     The differences between eighteenth-century literature and quixotic poems,with respect to history is constituted here. This is seen through theinfluential works of hindquarters Keats and Alexander Pope. These works aracknowledged as, "The Rape of Lock" and "The Eve of St. Agnes." Alexander Popetakes his readers on a hatred filled epic. A risque piece of literature andlove induced psychoses in, "The Rape of Lock." On the other hand, "The Eve ofSt. Agnes" told a tale of heart, love, death, and eternal fate in heaven. Thesetwo brainy writers have given two magnificent poems. Pope exhibits manycharacteristics of a narcissistic human being. His independence in life showsthrough his writings in fiction. Which inevitably render his deeper feelingsof life. Popes efforts here are of outstanding quality. However, his poem didfail to convince Arabella to rsum her engagement to Lord Petre. Most ofPopes efforts here wer e write with time. Now, Keats has romantic entirelyyserenaded his reader with descriptive lust and desire, which can be comparedwith popes efforts by the difference in eighteenth century literature andromantic poems, their descriptive natures and ideas they portray to the readerthrough their writing.     Pope has written an eighteenth-century poem which he calls, "An Hero-Comical Poem." This poem has exalted an over all sense of worthlessness forcommon rules. The mentioning of Achilles and the ever-popular Aeneas, aresymbols of Popes Gothic style. Pope speaks (almost) G-D like throughout, "TheRape of Lock." Contrary to Keats, who is more down-to-earth with his sense ofrealism in his writings. In the beginning of Keats romantic premise to life inSt. Agnes, all is cold. The opening sequence brings a sense of realism to thisbitter cold scene. Cold owls, rabbits, and numb fingers on a holy, " string of beadsman." The Beads man symbolizes the sense of age and spirit. Much of this poemis a test of Keats inner soul or spirit. He has lead himself to St. Agnes forhis own personal answer for of life in a time long gone. Keats romantic style hasbrought visionary raw emotion to the aching hearts of all his readers. Then,both poems go separate ways in their tales of body and spirit.     ... ... to see that life imitates art Now, viewing both works in detail hasbrought out an arousal of peril and misunderstood quality. However, eachhas distinguished its own identity by its style.     Referring back to the comparison of Pope and Keats styles can be quitean enhancement upon the cerebral setting in each poem. Pope has strictlyconcerned himself with literary merit, and ghostly apparitions of old tales thathaunt all writers of the possibility for brilliance. Keats however, has stakedhis claim as a romantic idealist of love and thought. Mind, body and soul arekey factors in both of these work s. Heaven is portrayed as a savior to man, andan unforsaken goal for others. spiritualism reigns deep within the hearts ofboth Keats and Pope. Consequence is not an issue, but the ability to repentthrough words of wisdom is. This is what keeps Keats and Pope sane(As well asmany other writers, including myself). With wisdom comes age, and with desirecomes lust. Therefore, romantic poets need to be preserved for their tremendousability to stretch the common ability to comprehend all of lifes trials andtribulations as seen here in all its glory

Mitsuyo Maeda :: essays research papers

Mitsuyo MaedaIn 1904, "Judos founder Jigoro Kano sent one of his strongest young judoka, Mitsuyo Maeda (1880-1941) with Jojiro Tomita to the White House to assist in a judo demonstration for President Teddy Roosevelt. After a formal demonstration, an American football player in the audience issued an impromptu challenge." The less adept Tomita took to the stand instead of Maeda. "Tomita failed with a throw and was pinned helplessly beneath the football players bulk. Maeda, abashed by Tomitas poor showing and frantic to reassert the superiority of Kodokan Judo, stayed on. He persuaded some Japanese businessmen to stake him $1,000 in prize money and embarked on a long career of challenging all comers throughout North and southmost America. The 55, 154-pound Maeda was said to have engaged in over 1,000 challenge matches, never once losing a judo-style competition and only once or twice slimy defeat as a professional wrestler. In Brazil, where he eventually settled he wa s feted as Conte Comte ("Count Combat") and his savage system of fighting, at present called Gracie Jujutsu, is employed by certain fighters in present-day no-holds-barred professional matches." 1B I O G R A P H Y It was Maeda who brought Jiu-Jitsu to Brazil. As a member of the Kodokan, Maeda went to America with his kohai Satake, etc. as Judo ambassadors. He was said to have fought more than 100 fights and in Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, he was respected as Count Koma (Conde Koma). Maeda was born in Aomori Prefecture in 1878. When he was a boy, he learned Tenshin (Tenshin Shinyo) Jiu-Jitsu. He moved to capital of Japan when he was about 18 and went to Tokyo Senmon School. He began practicing Judo and a record of him entering the Kodokan is dated 1897. He was very persistant and never gave up on anything. He was naturaly talented in judo and rose through the ranks quickly to establish himself as the most promising young judoka in the Kodokan. Maeda was a small man at 164 cm, 70 kilo.In 1904, he travelled to the U.S. with one of his instructors, Tsunejiro Tomita. The first and only place they demonstrated judo together was at the U.S. Army academy in wolfram Point. Contrary to what has been published, they never went to the White House to meet the President, Teddy Roosevelt. It was the Kodokan great, Yoshitsugu Yamashita who taught Roosevelt judo at the White House and later engaged in a match with a wrestler nearly twice his size at Roosevelts request, which took place at the U.

The Life Support of the Forestry Regime: Case Studies of Two Transnatio

The Life Support of the Forestry Regime lawsuit Studies of Two Transnational NGOsIntroductionAs relatively new actors in international relations, nongovernmental organizations or NGOs are becoming a vital component for successful environmental regimes. NGOs organize transnational protagonism networks that link state actors, businesses, and other organizations. The forestry regime is relatively weak as compared to other environmental regimes because of a lack of international agreements and state policies regarding forest conservation. NGOs reach attempted to fill this state actor void and are beginning to shape the quality of the regime by establishing principles to guide state behavior. NGOs have real conservation and management strategies, financed reforestation projects, and fostered business partnerships. This essay compares the strategies of the World Wide Fund for Nature (referred to as the World Wildlife Fund-WWF in English speaking countries) and rainforest Alliance, two international NGOs that are involved with forestry projects in developing countries. The comparison indicates that both increase public awareness through different strategies. The WWF defines overarching goals and finances bighearted programs and the Rainforest Alliance focuses on industry through certification programs. Though both NGOs have not significantly changed international policy, they have been successful in creating a civil society to support the regime. If NGOs continue to change the publics values and increase their involvement with local communities, they will become an eventide greater source of strength within the forestry regime.Where have our global forests gone?Deforestation is a significant threat to the worlds biodiver... ...Asia-Pacific Corporations and Environmental Management. naked as a jaybird York Cambridge University Press. 202pp.Rainforest Alliance- Innovative Solutions for Global Conservation. Online. The Rainforest Alliance. Available www. rainforest-alliance.org updated 2004 accessed 4/5/04.Shapiro, C. 2003. Indonesian Wood Certified as Legally Cut Arrives in Norfolk, Va. Port. Virginian-Pilot. Aug. 6, 2003.Wapner, P. 2004. administration Beyond the State Environmental Activism and World Civic Politics. In Green Planet Blues, edited by K. Conca and G.D. Dabelko, (pp. 122-139). Boulder, CO. Westview Press.Wilson, B., Van Kooten, G.C., Vertinsky, I., Arthur L. 1999. Forest Policy International Case Studies. New York CABI Publishing. 273pp.WWF Forests for Life Programme. Online. The World Wide Fund for Nature. Available www.panda.org updated 2004 accessed 4/5/04.

Free Will Essay -- essays papers

Free WillFree Will and its effect on the Greeks, Christians, and RomansFree will is defined as Voluntary choice or decision forgivedom of humans to make choices that are not determined by prior causes or by divine intervention (Websters Online Collegiate Dictionary). Free will had an effect on the Greeks, Christians, and the Romans. Three stories, Oedipus the King, the Bible, and the Aenied, respectively, that we have studied and that put across in each rescript are examples of how free will is altered by different societies and how it effects their lives.Oedipus the King was written by a Greek, Sophocles. During this time, the Greeks believed that everything was through with(p) for the gods, they did not have free will over their lives. There are many examples in the play in which the gods are controlling and tell the slew what they should do or how they should live their lives. At the end of the play Oedipus asks Creon to banish him from ThebesOedipus Drive me out of Thebes, i n exile.Creon Not I. Only the gods can give you that.Oedipus certainly the gods hate me so much-Creon Youll get your wish at once(Oedipus 639 lines 1168-71). Creon and Oedipus discuss here how they have no control over their lives, decisions and all. The gods are the ones who make all of the choices. Oedipus, along with the rest of the Greeks, believed that he had no say in the elan his life was going to turn out. He believed that it was destined for his life to end the fashion it did, with him being cursed and banished from Thebes.The Bible is the word of God for the Christians. There are many examples of free will throughout the Bible. Christians believe that God gave us free will to do as we please, but whatever we do should be ... ...s different in each society, the Greeks, Christians, and Romans were all effected in one way or another. Whether it was the gods controlling their lives or God watching over their lives, free will had a very strong imprint on how each s ociety lived their life. BibliographyWorks CitedGenesis. The Bible. The Norton Anthology World Masterpieces. Ed. Lawall. & Mack. New York W.W. Norton & Co., 1999. 51-72.Merriam Websters Online Collegiate Dictionary. 2000. Merriam Websters Collegiate Dictionary. 8 October 2000. www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionarySophocles. Oedipus the King. The Norton Anthology World Masterpieces. Ed. Lawall. & Mack. New Tork W.W. Norton & Co.,1999. 596-640.Virgil. The Aenied. The Norton Anthology World Masterpieces. Ed. Lawall. & Mack. New York W.W. Norton & Co., 1999. 814-895.

Essay on Jocasta in Oedipus the King -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

The Role of Jocasta in Oedipus the King Blessed is the man that endureth temptation for when he is tried, he will forgather the crown of life, which the Lord hath promised to them that love Him.  (James 112)  Such is the proclamation in the Holy Bible, and so was the proclamation in ancient Greece. Since the founding of religion, the gods have want to test those with power. Jocasta was sent by Apollo to do just that to test Oedipus - the king of Thebes - doctrine and conviction. Throughout the play, Jocasta tested the beliefs of those around her by feigning disbelief in the gods herself. Though she put up this false front, she did keep her faith. At the beginning of the scene wherein a messenger relayed word of Polybus death and Oedipus ascension to the throne of Corinth, we crack Jocasta praying - not the act of a disbeliever at all Again, in the same Episode, Jocasta carries garlands and incense to the altar and tries to appeal to Apollo to purify the city of Thebes.   While her faith remains strong, her task from the gods is to test the faiths of...

Free Speech -- The First Amendment

When you think nearly America, the first thing that comes to mind is liberty. conversancy of the government and its citizens is one thing that colonists exceedingly desired during the British oppressive regime. When United States gained independence, the Founding Fathers drafted the Constitution of the Unites States, a document that has been governing our country for more than than 200 years. The constitution was drafted accordingly to ensure that peoples opinions were heard. What our Founding Fathers could not foresee is that in our 21st century, The Freedom of Speech not but gives a person such a massive power, but also an opinion even if it is immoral and goes against citizens values.Thesis statement The First Amendment is the right that has been be to people since the birth. When we think about freedom of deliverance, we tend to remember the protester who expressed his opinion through burning the United States flag or about journalists who exposed a corrupt official. But n ow the trend is to use the First Amendment to release hatred and worshiping mindsets that go against societys values and morals. Background, autobiographyIn the United States of America, the First Amendment is one of the things that distinguishes us from any other nations. The First Amendment guarantees the absolute freedom of lecture, freedom of press, freedom to exercise any holiness and freedom to assemble. In many countries,the press gets censored and people who publicly express their opinion end up in the jail. In our country, however, political speech is protected and any citizen can sue an other if one feels his or her opinion is suppressed. The Westboro Baptist Church, Neo-Nazi, Neo- Klu Klux Klan, and many others emerged as groups that invoke and in... ... on Corporate Speech, the Press Is a Problem. New York Times 8 Feb. 2011 A12(L). Student Resource Center - Gold. Web. 8 Mar. 2011.Document URLhttp//find.galegroup.com/gps/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=ret rieve&tabID=T004&prodId=IPS&docId=A248547954&source=gale&srcprod=SRCG&userGroupName=moun43602&version=1.0Welch, Matt. The costs of free speech consequentialism and the First Amendment dont mix. Reason July 2010 2+. Student Resource Center - Gold. Web. 3 Mar. 2011.Document URLhttp//find.galegroup.com/gps/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=IPS&docId=A227945164&source=gale&srcprod=SRCG&userGroupName=moun43602&version=1.0Lawver, Bryan. Laws Do not Prevent Hate Speech. The Globe. 27 Apr. 2010. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. .

Racism in Philosophy of Hume and Kant Essay

During the Age of the Enlightenment in European history on that point was high emphasis on the ideals of drive and individualism. Scientists and philosophers pushed reason as an ultimate guideline to reforming society and ch wholeenging its old traditions and faith. This was the philosophers attempts to further advancing our knowledge finished scientific method. Things deal skepticism and intellectual interchange were highly promoted during this period. The uncoiled way to gain rational thought was through the process of using logic to make tests and conclusions out of clear evidence instead than superstitious ideas.There are two important enlightenment thinkers, David Hume and Immanuel Kant who despite their high praise of reason and logic, share clearly racist views in their philosophies. Could these two enlightened thinkers actually be capable of contradicting their entire philosophy or could it just be excellent ignorance? We are going to discuss what sort of racist view s Hume and Kant share and how they possibly created the idea of racial differences. First we must discuss what the idea of reason rattling is and what it has to do with benignant thought.Reason is ultimately what separates us human worlds from animals. Animals physically cannot express reason. Reason is the mental capacity to be able to make superstar of something. It is how we are able to apply logic to help create facts. Understanding of academics like math, science, and philosophy are attri scarcelyes only humans possess. The ability to understand and apprize art and knockout are examples of reason that animals have never shown. Animals may show desire for certain things, but that is not the same as appreciating the beauty of it. David Hume believes that all human universes share similar moral feelings.He does however believe that animals can feel sympathy which is one of the essential foundations of worship. Hume also believes that morality is entirely independent of rel igion and that morality is found deep in true human nature itself. He states that the belief in God is inappropriate to morality. This is similar to Immanuel Kants belief in human autonomy. He believes that human beings have their own free will and can think independently without being governed. Humans can be moral and free without the need of Gods divine support. Hume and Kant believe we have a right to faith but also in the gap that it limits knowledge to make room for faith.They believe we can have faith in ourselves and be governed by reason rather than our animal impulses. The racism of Hume and Kant are most definitely reflected in their philosophic views. Hume believes in the idea of causation, which is the understanding between two events (one being the cause, the other being the effect) that the second event is always the consequence of the first event. Hume whole-heartedly believes that Europe is the model of all humanity and culture, that b leave outs are an inferior ra ce.He considers their supposed inferiority to whites to be natural. He states that he has never witnessed any black manufacturers, artists, or scientists and that they are simply a barbaric breed of man. Hume falls into a fatal fracture of his own causality by saying that there is a causal relation between a persons skin color and their intelligence. He is identifying that simply the color of ones skin makes a constant difference between two races of men.This is horribly contrasted and morally wrong. Kant, despite all of his beliefs in that all humans can understand morality and reason, he singles out blacks as totally inferior in these very human attributes. Kant has actually dismissed a persons statement and position as stupid without a moment of analyzing the content because the person was black. This is extremely contradictory to the sorts of logic and reason a true philosopher should have when regarding any human being whether white or black. The two philosophers show a huge lack in open-mindedness when it comes to anyone non-white. The supposed racial differences that Hume and Kant seem to believe there are have no real proof or logic behind them.This is real ignorant of both Hume and Kant and its surprising that two important philosophers in history could actually believe in ideas that are so close-minded and completely illogical. There is simply no morality or rational thinking behind these false judgments. Kant stating that he has never seen black artists or scientists just sanitarys like he hasnt looked beyond his backyard window. Although Kant does indeed believe that all humans are born free and that level of intelligence does not determine who deserves to be a slave to another.Despite this positive belief, he still believes blacks are inferior. As intelligent as their ideas of sharing knowledge for the advancing of mankind sound at first, it is truly sad that they are only speaking for one single race rather than all human beings equally. Thei r racism does indeed rove much doubt on their Enlightenment understanding on what a person was. There should not be such a disregard for the possibility of equal opportunity among all human beings. Peoples idea of race is purely subjective and there really are no significant differences. The only true racial differences are geographical.Skin color has nothing to do with ones mental capacity and ability. Works Cited Denis, Lara. Kant and Hume on Morality. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. The Metaphysics Research Lab, midriff for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University, 26 Mar 2008. Web. 7 Mar 2014. . Maduka, Enyimba. Racism and Philosophy. Racism, Philosophy, and African Thought . izuchukwu, 20 Apr 2005. Web. 10 Mar 2014. .

Ethics and Social Responsibilities of Business Essay

The emergence of management as a distinct and identifiable activity in the humourrn era has had an important impact on the confederacy with which it developed (Massie 1995). Till the primaeval days of the twentieth century, boldnesss were predominantly concerned with their respective increasing activities. However, this singular intention of profit maximization of duty farms was protested by the societal activists during the later half of the 20th century.They pointed out that, since the organizations drive their art from the friendship, the former must(prenominal) possess some obligations towards the interests and welfare of the later. The concept of trading ethics and corporate responsibility gained immense splendor after the publication of Bowens companionable Responsibilities of man of af picturesques in the year 1953. Bowen opines that business corporations should have authorized responsibilities towards the society in which it operates. Often business ethics and i ts affable responsibilities are regarded as their science of mete out (McNamara). morals is the study of morality and standards of conducts (Fred and Richard, 480). The term ethics is, in generally, used to refer to the rules and principles that define right and wrong conduct. The study of ethics is of immense importance in international management because ethical behavior in a particular coun punish may be considered as an unethical practice in other countries. Ethical behavior of business has become an important aspect in todays corporate environment.Even in the United States, employment s crapperdals, bribes etc. have gained considerable media exposures and have aroused public concern regarding ethical practices in international business management. Corporate business ethics is originally concerned with h geniussty, truth and justice and should consider several aspects like the deportations of society, fair competition, public relations, consumer autonomy, fond responsibil ities, adherence to the rules in the operating country, and so on. An organization should be always responsible in creating an environment that fosters ethical decision-making.Corporate social responsibility is seriously considering the impact of the comp anys actions on society. In the views of Andrews, social responsibility means the intelligent and objective concern for the welfare of society that restrains individuals and corporate behavior from ultimately destructive activities, no matter how immediately fat and signifies the positive contribution to human betterment. Social responsibility contends that the business organizations are responsible to all the interest groups with which it interacts. All the interests groups such as employees, customers, suppliers, government and society should be given importance equal to that of the shareholders of the respective companies.Thus, ethical and social responsibilities signifies that the management should pay attention to the welfare of the workers, consumers needs and safety, the interests and rights of creditors, governments rules, regulations and policies, and the obligations of the organization towards society as a whole. Thus, in other words, Corporate social responsibility indicates the managements commitment towards upholding the interests of direct s adoptholders and to behave in an economically and environmentally responsible manner (Davis and Robert, 1975).Ethical and Social Responsibility of Corporate OrganizationsCorporate organizations which are concerned about business ethics and corporate social responsibility need to identify various interest groups which may influence the functioning of a firm and which, in turn, may be affected by the firms decisions. In fact, business enterprises are primarily responsible for the well being of six major interest groups which are discussed hereunder one by oneProtecting Shareholders InterestsThe most(prenominal) important responsibility of business organizati ons is to protect the interests of its shareholders. The shareholders provide the core resource the capital that enables an organization to operate and grow. They expect the management to use the capital judiciously and operate the business in an efficient way that would ensure a healthy return on their investment, both through dividends and through increase in stock value. Shareholders should be provided with adequate and timely information about the functioning of the organization.Protecting Employees InterestsEmployees are the biggest assets of the organizations. In the early days, managers regarded employees merely as one of the factors of production and denied them the right to obtain an equal distribution of income. But, with the passage of time, the situation has changed in a considerable way.no(prenominal), it is absolutely authorisation for the management to protect its employees interests. Government laws and regulations have now define the responsibilities of the emplo yer ensuring equal employment rights for men and women, offering timely pensions and other retirement benefits, and providing and maintaining a pay back and healthy working environment. To protect the interests of employees, management mustTreat the employees as the basic pillars of the organization.Develop administrative processes that promote cooperation between employers and employees.Foster a harmonised work atmosphere by adopting a progressive labor policy. This includes allowing the participation of workers in management, creating a sense of involvement, and improving the working conditions and living standards of workers.Provide fair wages (not merely the one determined by the market forces of demand and supply) and other financial benefits to workers to keep them motivated.Fair selection, training and promotion based on tonicity and merit without any discrimination on the grounds of sex, race, religion, physical appearance and so on.Protecting Customers InterestsIn the recent times, great attention is delivered to the customers. In the age of cut-throat competition, business firms have rightly begun to realize the importance of maintaining a healthy relationship with the consumers. The growth and development of consumerism has compelled the organizations to become more aware of their duties and responsibilities towards the customers. The most successful businesses put the customer first, instead of the investors (Mackey). barter firms should fulfill their obligations to their customers byCharging reasonable prices for their products.Ensuring the provision of standardized and quality goods and services.Ensuring the easy availability of goods and services, so that customers do not have to spend too much time and energy in procuring them.Abstaining from unethical practices like hoarding, profiteering or creating artificial scarcity, mis leading(p) advertisement and so on.Refraining from deceiving customers by making false or misleading claims.Protec ting Creditors and Suppliers InterestsAll the inputs productions are provided by the creditors and suppliers in the form of raw materials and capital. Hence, the management must take proper care in fulfilling its obligations towards the former. This can be done byCreating a long-term and healthy business relationship with them. reservation prompt payments to creditors and suppliers.Providing them with accurate, germane(predicate) and needed information.Protecting Societys InterestOrganizations function within a social system and draw their resources from this system. Therefore, they have definite obligations towards society. The management of business organizations can fulfill their obligations toward society by preserving and enhancing the well-being of the members of society. Management can do so in the following waysUsing its technical expertness to solve local problems.Setting socially desirable standards of living and avoiding unnecessary and wasteful expenditure.Playing an i mportant role in civic affairs. Helping the society in events of national calamity, famine, war, and so on.Providing basic amenities, healthcare and education facilities, thus creating better living conditions.Establishing development programmers for the benefit of economically weaker sections ofthe society.Protecting Governments InterestsIn any country, the Government provides the basic requirements for the survival and growth of business organizations. Most of the rules and policies which the government imposes are mainly in the favor of the businesses. Hence, the business, in turn, must have certain obligations to the businessBe law-abiding respect the rules, procedures and policies of the governmentPay all taxes and other dues fully, timely and honestly.Not bribe government employees and officials to obtain favors for the company.Not try to use political influence in its favor for own interests.Advantages and Disadvantages of Ethics and Corporate Social ResponsibilityIn the mod ern era, the expectations of the consumers and the society have vastly changed and, resultantly, modern corporations have become much aware of their ethical and social responsiveness. However, opinions vary from scholars to scholars as to whether business should possess much, at least any, ethical and social responsibilities.DisadvantagesThe motive of any business is to maximize its profit. However, much ethical set and social responsibilities may act against this objective.Any investment (or loss) incurred by the business as a result of good social or ethical behavior are adjusted by increasing the selling of its products. Hence, the motive would be socially less desirable than in the days before when business were concerned with social responsibilities (Friedman 1970).Business derives immense proponent through its social involvements and ethical behavior. This power is generally derived from the government or through other political means. This increment in power can lead to co rruption and even conflicts with customers, governments and the society as a whole in the subsequent times.Generally, business people lack the required skills to deal with the problems outside the organization. Social responsibility can be an wasted burden of duty to them.AdvantagesSocial involvements and strong ethical behavior boost up the image of the business corporations in the eye of the customers. Being socially responsive, business can increase the number of its loyal customers. A favorable public image helps the business to attract more employees, customers and investors.By being socially responsible, business organizations can easily avoid the attention of regulatory agencies and earn governments trust resulting in increasing flexibility and independence in their mode of operations.Businesses can increase conservation of natural resources by being socially responsible. For example, Items that were considered as waste before (like empty soft drink cans and plastic bottles) can be recycled and profitably used again.Society and business are equally benefited if a symbiotic relationship exists between the two. Instead of allowing high rate of unemployment leading to social crisis (which may ruin business operations in subsequent periods), businesses can rather be the source of employment in the economy for suitable and eligible people.ConclusionIt is beyond any iota of doubt that every civil citizen must possess some moral or ethical values and responsibilities for the society in which he lives. Business organizations, considered as artificial people, therefore, should have the same values incorporated in it. Obviously, there are certain principles which is directed against this conclusion, but it is a cardinal truth that business corporations must behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large (Holme and Watts).Refere ncesBowen, H.R. (1953), Social Responsibilities of the Businessman, Harper & Row,New York, NYCorporate Social Responsibility Evolution of a Definitional Construct Carroll Business Society.1999, pp. 268-295Davis, K. and Robert, L. B. Business and Society, Environment and Responsibility, RevisedEdition, Tata McGraw Hill Book Company Inc. New York, 1975Friedman, M. The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profit, New YorkTimes Magazine, 13 September, 1970Kuhn, J.W. Issues and Analysis, Values in a Business Society, Harcourt Brace Jonanovich,New York, 1968Holme, L and Watts, R. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development,MakingGood Business Sense http//www.mallenbaker.net/csr/CSRfiles/definition.htmlJoseph, L. M. Ethical and Environmental Foundations, Essentials of Management, FourthEdition, Thirteenth Indian Reprint, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, 1995Mackey, J. (adapted from) Rethinking the Social Responsibilities of Business, October 2005 http//www.rea son.com/news/show/32239.htmlMcNamara, C. Complete Guide to Ethics Management An Ethics Toolkit for Managershttp//www.managementhelp.org/ethics/ethxgde.htmRichard, M.H. and Fred, L. Ethics and Social Responsibilities, International Management,Third Edition, McGraw Hill International Editions, 1997Stehi, S.P, Dimensions of Corporate Social Performance, An analytical Framework,California Management Review, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1975, p. 58 64The International Seminar on Social Responsibilities of Business (as quoted by Mukharji,P.B. Social Responsibilities of Business, p. 9

Aging in Family and Marriage

People in society eat up a longer life-span in a flash than ever before in the history of man. The population of doddering people and hoary rare people atomic number 18 increasing every year make a four contemporaries family consisting of children, erects, grand provokes and great-grandparents the norm in society.In the late 19th century the amount of people in their senior age (i.e. 65 years honest-to-god and above), given a total population of 23.2 million people was 600,000 which increased tremendously in the 20th century.At the beginning of the 20th century, the amount of old people were at 3.1 million given a population of 76,000,000 and in 1975, with a population of 235,000,000, in that location were 21.8 million senior citizens in society, making it an 8 percent increase in old people in a span of 75 years.With that percentage growth, there are definitely more old old people currently in society and it cannot be doubted that the amount of old old people affects s ociety in numerous ways. For this study, the effect of the senescent population on the most basic institution of society will be discussed the family.Aging definitely affects peoples lives and proportion each(prenominal)y affects the lives of the people around those who are maturation. Since the family is the basic unit of society, the effect of aging on the family and the changes that occur in that social unit be safari of aging will be discussed.When we speak of family, this entails the kins among parent and child as well as husband and wife. Aging has an impact on these relationships that cannot be ignored by the rest of society as the family represents the foot of society and thus if any changes occur within that frame move around then it cannot be questioned that these changes influence the dynamics that transpire with the society as a whole.Aging and the FamilyAccording to Andre Cherline (1983), historically, old people continued to hold the power and authority all over the family until the day they died. This was the case mainly because it was the sr.s who had causeership of all the properties and resources of that family, which the heir will only be able to handle the moment the patriarch of that family has bequeathed his possession in a will, after his death.Thus, older people were normally respected and feared by the junior generation albeit not loved. (7) This is especially true since it is in itself an accomplishment to grow old because to be old at that time would mean that the person has survived all the diseases in a time when medicine was not at all as advanced as it is today.Although an accomplishment, it creates resentment in the younger generation especially if the younger generation has reached adulthood since the old man controls the familys resources, the adult child had to be dependent on the old man until such time that he passes away.This no longer holds true in this day and age. Familial relations are not as feudalistic as it used to be during compound times. The dynamics of the family are no longer such that the parent has full control of the resources of the family.Although, parents may have possessions that they accumulated throughout the years of hard exert that they may want to bequeath to their children, the financial stability of the children are no longer fully dependent on these resources as they can independently work for their own wages and accumulate their own wealth apart from that of their parents.However, the presence of old people poses a problem of idleness wherein they are too old to work but too young to die (Freedman, 1999). In 1952, insurance companies decided that the best way to care for the older was to insure them with pension upon retirement.The market ploy was to make retirement a leisure trip no kids, no responsibilities, no worries which they coined the Golden Years.Due to this, most elderly people availed of a pension plan making them absolutely independent of their ch ildren while enjoying the rest of their life in comfort and leisure.(1) Given this independence of each other, the relationship between adult child and parent are normally more favorable than during the colonial times, wherein the parent and child may develop a more emotionally satisfying relationship which is warm, close and affectionate. (Cherline, p.8)This, however, does not hold true for the elderly who are dependent on their children for financial support. It is common that the parent had spent all their income for the upbringing and education of their children and so upon retirement there are financially incapable of supporting themselves or even enjoying the Golden Years.In cases like these, the relationship between parent and child may be tense and the dynamics of the family of the adult child will have to change and adjust itself to the presence of the elderly parent.The strain or benefit that the elderly parent will cause to its adult child may differ per situation. First, assuming that the adult child has his own family, the strain may be caused by the elderly parents relationship with the in-law.Depending on how intrusive the elderly parent is, his presence will cause a strain in the marriage of his adult children. Apart from the possible abrasive nature of the elderly parent, the strain may originate from the extra set down in caring for the elderly parent as well.Assuming that the adult child is divorced the strain in the parent-child relationship maybe greater. Divorce in itself is a very traumatic experience for those involved in the process and so the divorcee is normally both emotionally sensitive and financially unstable.The strain with the elder parent can come in two forms the disapproval of the elder parent of the divorce and the expense of caring for an elder parent in a situation when finances, due to the divorce, are extremely tight. (15)However, the presence of an elder parent in a newly divorced adult child can besides have benefit s which can strengthen the relationship between the parent and the adult child.The adult child may find his/her emotional support from the present parent as well as help the adult-child in caring for the children, household and finances (granted that the elder parent is financially able). (16)Whatever the case maybe, it is through the relations of the elderly with their family that the elderly are able to maintain their social identity. (18) Through their connections to their family with their children, with their grand children and great-grandchildren the elderly find purpose and meaning to an otherwise purposeless aging existence when they cannot work and contribute to the society or are too young to die.By providing the emotional support for their children their relationship are strengthened. Through the caring and manduction in the raising and upbringing of the grandchildren, their contributions to the welfare of the childrens disposition ultimately contributes to the well-be ing of society.Although, these relationships may not be always peachy, the contribution and influence over their children and their grandchildren is apparent and allows them to continue to become a function of society.Aging and MarriageIn marriage, aging has a very direct consequence and influence. Assuming that both partners are still alive, the fundamental interaction of the spouses within their relationship change proportionately with their age because of their emotional maturity as well as deteriorating physical health.In terms of physical health, physiological torsion causes the deterioration of physical intimacy within an elderly couple. Both the ovarian function in females and the testicular function in males deteriorate as they age.Apart from these physiological changes, psychological changes occur as well. Especially for men, the inability to sexually perform, the loss of the role of leader and breadwinner, and the extra time to notice everything else may cause depression . Thus, there is a greater need for emotional support, affirmation, acceptance and trust from the spouse. (Metz, 1998)As a result of these needs and the compensation for the lack of physical intimacy, elderly couples claim that they have a better relationship with their spouses as they now consider them their best friends. (Appleton & Bohm, 2001) (Fahey, 2001).As Appleton & Bohm succinctly puts it (2001), elder couples have relationships where myths dissipate, reality sets in and marital identity takes hold. conference patterns solidify, knowledge expands and reliance on collaborative-cooperative styles of dispute resolution increases.

Porters 5 Forces of the Retail Industry

Porters five Forces of the Retail Industry I. Supplier Power The dicker power of Suppliers is relatively low. There is a lofty competition between suppliers which means that their ability to raise prices or reduce quantity is very low. Suppliers include both interior(prenominal) and international manufacturers and because many sell products are standardized, retailers have low switching costs which make the supplier power low.Larger retailers have power over their suppliers because they whoremaster threaten suppliers to change to a different suppliers which would significantly hurt the suppliers because of their great market share. Furthermore larger retailers can vertically integrate with suppliers they are having move cooperating with. II. Bargaining Power of Buyers The bargaining power of buyers is relatively low. This is because since there are so many customers, no one customer will have bargaining leverage. Therefore bargaining must be done in massive groups which are ha rd to organize.If consumers choose not to shop at a retail outlet they most likely miss out on value or price as well as convenience of shopping retail. III. warlike Rivalry Competitive rivalry is medium to high. There are numerous competitors as well as many E-retailers that are entering the market rapidly. some(prenominal) Rivals are highly dedicated to being industry leaders. Furthermore there are diverse approaches and differing goals between competitors. These are all factors that lead to a high force but because exit barriers are low.Therefore weak firms are more likely to leave the market which in turn, increases profits for remaining firms which weakens the power of competitory rivalry. IV. Threat of Substitutes Threat of substitutes is low because there are not many substitutes that offer low prices and convenience to consumers. The goal of retailers it provide a wide concoction of products at one location and in many cases create a one stop shopping location which leav es little room for alternatives. V. Threat of in the buff CompetitorsThreat of new competitors is low because customers are very loyal to existing brands and retail stores. The companies that are most likely to enter the retail market are foodstuff stores. However, it takes a lot of time and notes to build a good brand image and then get consumers to you store. Because of this, new entrants will spending money on building a brand when establishing which leaves them less money that can be used to give themselves a competitive advantage in the market. secondly strong distribution networks are required to keep a retail store stocked.Weak distribution networks result in more expense in pathetic goods around. Sources Nair, Sanel. Walmart. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. . Retail Industry Five Forces Analysis. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. . Porter, M. E. (2000) What is Strategy? Harvard Business Review Retrieved February 5, 2012 from http//hbr. org/product/what-is-strategy/an/ 96608-PDF-ENG Porter, M. E. (1980) Competitive Strategy, Free Press, New York. Porters Five Forces Analysis of Wal-Mart. Write Academic, 12 Sept. 2012. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. .

The Power of Language

Language is considered to be unrivaled of the virtually valu adequate components of burnish since it is through language that human cosmoss are able to choke with each other. However, in that location are many different languages for many different parts of the world. This makes it hard for populate from different parts of any culture with different language to communicate with each other. Thus, studying or hold cloging a nonhers language is as much a part of us as reading books is. learnedness a new language is an integral part of becoming at home in a new or a nonher land. Stepping into another country or territory wherein another language is used, you smelling as if you are the only person who gouge understand yourself. You look like an alien. You feel alone. exclusively when you finally learn the language, it makes you feel happy and satisfied, as if you crap just received an award or terminate the close to surd project you have encountered. exactly your conte ntment doubles when you learn to use it effectively when communicating with other people. You no longer feel alone. You feel that, at last, someone understands what you are trying to say.Amy Tans article, Mother Tongue, talks just close how her nonpluss broken position finally light-emitting diode her to realize that the much burning(prenominal) thing in learning a language is not speaking or writing it perfectly, with all the difficult actors line and grammatical correctness. She realized that the more important thing is to speak or write a language wherein most people can understand it.When she wrote her sweet The Joy Luck Club, she intend to use difficult words, phrases and metaphors because she thought this is how she can prove to most people that second-language learners do not just excel in sciences or mathematics wherein at that place is a common language use. However, as she went on writing, she began to realize that she should think about the readers and how they w ould feel or think about her stories. She envisioned that reader to be her mother.This is the point when she finally understands that she should water down the slope she is using to make her mother understand what she was trying to say. That is, it is more important to capture the essence of what her mothers language ability cannot reveal the intent, passion and imagery her mother was trying to get across.Tan summarizes her personal dwell and feelings in learning English in her last paragraph in Mother TongueApart from what any critic had to say about my writing, I knew I had succeeded where it counted when my mother finished reading my book and gave me her verdict So easy to read. (476)Another article that tells a story of how difficult it is to learn a new language is Malcolm Xs coming to an Awareness of Language. To Malcolm X, what makes it harder is to learn to communicate it to people effectively. In this brief autobiography, he mentioned how he would write to hustlers, pre sidents, and people in the streets to communicate about Allah. He gives speeches and talks in conferences. champion look from him and youd think that he went to school and got beyond eighth grade. except he attrisolelyes all his acquaintance in the English language to his serving his time in prison.Malcom X tells how hard he tried to learn the English language. All of his motivation to learn the English language came from his envy to Bimbi. He tried to emulate him by conversing with him in English and reading books in English. But then, he cannot understand most of the words and sentences in the books he picked. He would skip the difficult words so he ended up not understanding what the book genuinely said. What he did is that he got hold of a dictionary and started to write everything each day from each page.This is how he learned not just new and difficult words but some history and facts as well. Malcom Xs autobiography tries to tell us that no military issue how hard it is to learn a new language (or just to learn something), it makes you feel satisfied and free after you experience you have finally mute it.David Sedaris Me Talk fine One Day also describes how he painstakingly learned a new language the French language this time. He enrolled in Alliance Francaise to study French only to discover that his teacher is, as he called it, a wild animal. It was only the first day of class and he and his classmates were already grilled in using the French they knew about by telling about themselves in French.All of them were called to introduce themselves but not one of them was saved by the sadistic teacher who made fun of their French. His fears and discomfort that he felt as a child all came running back to him as if he was being a kindergarten all over again. But then, no matter how his teacher tried to insult his laziness, he would only be studying more.Learning a new language can be tricky and very difficult especially for first-timers. There are ti mes when, as Sedaris described, we would prefer to hide place stores and cash registers and avoid asking trivial questions in another language. But all this is learning. Learning is, indeed hard and tricky, but when we finally learned, it is very satisfying. In learning a new language, it is very satisfying in the sense that when we finally learned and mastered another language, we know that more people can understand us. We feel gratified that we have earned the rewards of the hardships we have experienced. And most of all, we feel a sense of belongingness. Works CitedMalcom X. Coming to an Awareness of Language.Sedaris, David. Me Talk Pretty One Day. 2000.Tan, Amy. Mother Tongue.The Power of LanguageLanguage is considered to be one of the most important components of culture since it is through language that human beings are able to communicate with each other. However, there are many different languages for many different parts of the world. This makes it hard for people from di fferent parts of any culture with different language to communicate with each other. Thus, studying or learning anothers language is as much a part of us as reading books is.Learning a new language is an integral part of becoming at home in a new or another country. Stepping into another country or territory wherein another language is used, you feel as if you are the only person who can understand yourself. You feel like an alien. You feel alone.But when you finally learn the language, it makes you feel happy and satisfied, as if you have just received an award or finished the most difficult project you have encountered. But your contentment doubles when you learn to use it effectively when communicating with other people. You no longer feel alone. You feel that, at last, someone understands what you are trying to say.Amy Tans article, Mother Tongue, talks about how her mothers broken English finally led her to realize that the more important thing in learning a language is not spe aking or writing it perfectly, with all the difficult words and grammatical correctness. She realized that the more important thing is to speak or write a language wherein most people can understand it.When she wrote her novel The Joy Luck Club, she intended to use difficult words, phrases and metaphors because she thought this is how she can prove to most people that second-language learners do not just excel in sciences or mathematics wherein there is a common language use. However, as she went on writing, she began to realize that she should think about the readers and how they would feel or think about her stories. She envisioned that reader to be her mother.This is the point when she finally understands that she should water down the English she is using to make her mother understand what she was trying to say. That is, it is more important to capture the essence of what her mothers language ability cannot reveal the intent, passion and imagery her mother was trying to get acr oss.Tan summarizes her personal experience and feelings in learning English in her last paragraph in Mother TongueApart from what any critic had to say about my writing, I knew I had succeeded where it counted when my mother finished reading my book and gave me her verdict So easy to read. (476)Another article that tells a story of how difficult it is to learn a new language is Malcolm Xs Coming to an Awareness of Language. To Malcolm X, what makes it harder is to learn to communicate it to people effectively. In this brief autobiography, he mentioned how he would write to hustlers, presidents, and people in the streets to communicate about Allah. He gives speeches and talks in conferences. One look from him and youd think that he went to school and got beyond eighth grade. But he attributes all his knowledge in the English language to his serving his time in prison.Malcom X tells how hard he tried to learn the English language. All of his motivation to learn the English language ca me from his envy to Bimbi. He tried to emulate him by conversing with him in English and reading books in English. But then, he cannot understand most of the words and sentences in the books he picked. He would skip the difficult words so he ended up not understanding what the book really said. What he did is that he got hold of a dictionary and started to write everything each day from each page.This is how he learned not just new and difficult words but some history and facts as well. Malcom Xs autobiography tries to tell us that no matter how hard it is to learn a new language (or just to learn something), it makes you feel satisfied and free after you know you have finally understood it.David Sedaris Me Talk Pretty One Day also describes how he painstakingly learned a new language the French language this time. He enrolled in Alliance Francaise to study French only to discover that his teacher is, as he called it, a wild animal. It was only the first day of class and he and his classmates were already grilled in using the French they knew about by telling about themselves in French.All of them were called to introduce themselves but not one of them was saved by the sadistic teacher who made fun of their French. His fears and discomfort that he felt as a child all came running back to him as if he was being a kindergarten all over again. But then, no matter how his teacher tried to insult his laziness, he would only be studying more.Learning a new language can be tricky and very difficult especially for first-timers. There are times when, as Sedaris described, we would prefer to hide behind stores and cash registers and avoid asking trivial questions in another language. But all this is learning. Learning is, indeed hard and tricky, but when we finally learned, it is very satisfying. In learning a new language, it is very satisfying in the sense that when we finally learned and mastered another language, we know that more people can understand us. We feel gratified that we have earned the rewards of the hardships we have experienced. And most of all, we feel a sense of belongingness. Works CitedMalcom X. Coming to an Awareness of Language.Sedaris, David. Me Talk Pretty One Day. 2000.Tan, Amy. Mother Tongue.

Challenges Facing Public Schools Essay

The fundamental purpose of information is to gain knowledge, inculcate the forms of proper(ip) conduct and acquire technical competency, (Oak, 2010). These skills and abilities argon considered important in our world so as to let socio-economic growth and development individually and in the community. Goel (2007) observes that it is because direction is so important that the US Department of Education aims to promote student exploit and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering educational rectitude and ensuring equal access.Thus in countries such as the US, children who may not be able to afford the cost of schooling foot access education in state-supported educational institutions subsidized by the government. Though noble, the concept of public education unfortunately has a number of fundamental challenges that must be investigated for lasting solutions. These challenges are highlighted below, their problem statements and the arising hypotheses problem Statement 1 One of the greatest concerns in public schools is military unit.Lede (2010) notes that violence in public schools is a evolution concern of parents, teachers, school administrators, politicians and community leaders. Lede (2010) continues to observe that many communities in the United States of America are confront with the dilemma of how to protect the integrity of the education by eliminating violent behavior among the schools constituency and the environment where learning takes place. What are the determinants of violence in public schools? What is the effect of agnate involvement and violence in public schools? Is there any relationship between poor teacher train and violence in public schools?Hypothesis Economic and social issues are affiliated with violence in public schools. Parental socialization at the home front influences students propensity to violence in public schools. Teacher training does not impact on the existence of violence in public schools. Importance of the statements and opening in the research The statements and hypotheses in this research would assist the detective in investigating the problem of violence in public schools and begin to explore solutions that address the root cause of the problem and not the symptoms of the problemProblem statement 2Another one of the core challenges faced by public educational institutions is that of insufficient funds. By virtue of the fact that public schools aim on the government to meet their budgets, more often than not, the schools find themselves without enough money to carry out their activities. What is the effect of lack of sufficient funding on the quality education in public schools? What is the effect of programme prioritization on budget management in public schools? What are other sources of funding that can be explored to ensure constant funding of public schools programmes? HypothesisLack of sufficient funds compromises on the quality education offered in public schools. figure rationalization can be successfully achieved through programme prioritisation of the programmes at public schools. Diversification of the sources of funding to meet budgetary needfully at public schools has ensured sustainability of the schools programmes. Importance of the statements and hypothesis in the research A research on this issue would ensure that sustainable solutions to budgetary constraints are met that translate to operational ability (Maguad, 2007) and a high quality of education is constantly high in public schools.Problem statement 3 Public institutions of learning are faced by the problem of low or no parental involvement. Since many of the students in public schools come from middle and working classes in which both parents have to earn a living to sustain the families, it is rare that the parents find time to be actively involved in their childrens school life. What is the effect of parental involvement on student achievement in public schools? What is t he correlation between parental aspirations and expectations for their children and student achievement in public schools?Do parents slide by away the right to educate their children when they place them in public schools? Hypothesis A students performance is influenced by his/her parents interest and participation in his school work. Parental aspiration and expectation for children determines the achievements of the children in school. Parents of children in public schools forfeit any right to determine what or how their children are educated. Importance of the statements and hypothesis in the research The research would find out whether parents have an active role to play in their childrens well being for assured achievement in school.The issue of parental involvement could also form the basis of understanding other challenges facing public schools such as student violence (Alliance for the Separation of School & State, 2008). In conclusion, public educational institutions experi ence many challenges ranging from budgetary constraints, student violence and low parental involvement. Much research needs to be done to establish why these problems exist in the first place and lasting solutions for these institutions.

Modelling a Database for a Garment Manufacturing Company Essay

This project lead contain discipline on the processing involved in modelling a entropybase for a Garment Manufacturing comp any(prenominal). It will as well as document how to create garner and fax templates that make the work more efficient. The database will hold flesh step to the fore somewhat(predicate) the suppliers, customers and stock etceteratera The garment style, size, how many ordered and deadline dates for the garments to be finished will in any case be data which is stored in the display board. The end- exploiter Mr Jordan will be able to rec completely pronounceation on any of his suppliers or customers. He will be able to link what the customer orders to what he has to order from his suppliers or if the customers provides their own supplies he will see the amount needed. Mr Jordan will be able to dedicate letter automatically to his customers and suppliers about work and orders. The database will be break awayed exploitation Microsoft Access, the sup plier and customer letter will be created in Microsoft news and mix ind with data from Microsoft Access. Background to Organisation The Garment Manufacturing order is called Air Ltd, it is located in Stratford and is owned by Mr Jordan. There atomic number 18 9 workers, which Mr Jordan is in complaint of.He takes care of every aspect of the problem himself apart from parts of the accounts. All of the other nine workers are arrange in a production line around the work place. Mr Jordan deals with the customer enquiries, orders and suppliers etc. At the moment garner are created from scratch in Microsoft Word. Information Technology is non apply more than as it could be at the present condemnation. Current procedures Customers get into contact with the company and tattle about their order and the type of work required to meet their needs. This would include the design styles, materials and number of garments etc. Either the customer provide their own materials or they set o ut their order to Mr Jordan so he chiffonier go to his supplier. The company then makes a sample garment which is shown to the customer if they are dexterous with it then production starts, if non then amendments are make.At the moment if letters need to be sent out to customers or suppliers they are created individually instead of making a template and using commit-merge. From customer orders Mr Jordan notes down how many garments to be made, style of garment and size on paper, all of this financial fight back is kept in a folder. Image of Mr Jordans customers order detail tacking. image002.jpg The customer detail sheet is in tabular form where records are filled in about distributively of the individual garments. For pattern data much(prenominal) as size, tinct and style etc. would be held on the sheet. Mr Jordan takes care of all of these sheets in a folder. When they are out dated and are no, longer of any utilize they are disposed of. Strengths of the trustworthy system The strengths of the following system are All of the workers are used to the circulating(prenominal) system this means that nobody has to be trained to use any untried equipment. For example no(prenominal) of the workers establish to be trained on how to use computers. Most work is carried out by hand, this is a strength because if machines were used and any one of them broke down the production of the garments would take a leak to be stopped. Weaknesses of the current systemThe weaknesses of the current system are All documentation is carried out on paper. All letter to customers are created individually. The business does not use e-mail to communicate with its customers or suppliers. The business does not have a web site advertising its service and goods. If vital business documents are lost, at that place is no backup. There is no form of a factory outlet. Objectives for the new system Store details about the customers for good. Store details about the suppliers per manently. Easily be able to input data concerning the ordering of materials. For example, style, material, size, people of colour etc. Be able to move out order details for the worker to use. Check his precondition with the suppliers. For example, material ordered etc. Send out letters to customers using mail merge for ruin efficiency. Print out an update of all deadlines to be met. End- drug drug user and functional requirements Store details about the customers permanently The database will need to store details of the name of the company, its address and the telephone number. The user will sometimes want to display details of all the customers. It will be useful if the customer company name calling are in alphabetical order.The user might want to send the customers letters which means that the cipher will have to be stored in a separate field. Store details about the suppliers permanently The database will store details about the suppliers. For example the user will sometim es want to mention the names in alphabetical order this means that the first name will have to be stored in a separate field to the middle and last name. If the user wants to send the customers letters to inform them about orders etc he will need to store the post code part of the address in a different field. Store details about the suppliers permanently The database will store details about the suppliers name and address. The suppliers table will be similar to the customer table. But the user will send letters to the suppliers concerning the orderinf of raw materials etc. Easily be able to input data concerning the ordering of materials. For example, style, material, size, colour etc. The user will comfortably be able to in put the data using Microsoft access instead of inputting the data on paper using a hand made table where he could be creating a more efficient table using access. Be able to print out order details for the worker to use.The user will be able to print out deta ils of the customers orders. For example, the number of garments, style, material etc. Check his status with the suppliers. For example, material ordered etc. The user should be able to access details about what he has ordered and what there is to pay at the touch of button Send out letters to customers using mail merge for better efficiency. The user will be able to send out letters to the customers and suppliers quickly and efficiently using mail merge with Microsoft Access and Microsoft Word Print out an update of all deadlines to be met. The user will be able to print out a list of all deadlines to be met of all of the customers so the workers can work efficiently. Working Constraints End-user skill level The end-user(s) have used modern computers before ground upon Windows 95. The user has used a modern computer to create letters and do calculations on Microsoft Excel. The user can only do simple calculations and nothing too complicated. The user can create letters for supplie rs and customers by using a phrase processor. Mr Jordan is new to Microsoft Word but is getting the hang of it. He does not know a great deal about the advanced features of the software program. Mr Jordan will need some form of support in using the advanced features. Mr Jordan can use any simple software, but will have to apply himself slightly to be able to get the hang of the advanced features. His experience with IT is very limited.The new system must be easy to sympathise so that the vital functions can be successfully carried out. No errors should occur, everything should be clear. Availability of hardware and software The previous software that Mr Jordan was using is called sacred lotus Word Pro96 but has recently purchased a new PC with Microsoft part 2000 on it. This new computer is manufacture by Compaq and has the following specification 900Mhz processor 64Mb RAM 13Gigabytes HDD 17 inch VDU Cannon spill the beans Jet printer BJC4200 Microsoft Office 2000 Mr Jordan h as an ideal specification if not too good for the functional requirements. The software in the school will easily correspond with Mr Jordans PC since in school Microsoft Office 97 is available. Time constraints The deadline for the project is to be completed for the 30th March. This gives approximately nine weeks for development, examination and documentation. Documentation will take up a great deal of the time this means that time will be a major constraint upon the completed system.Initial time plan affection of solutions Data such as company names and addresss will need to be stored along with ordering details etc. this means that a database must be used. A word processor will withal be needed because letters have to be created for the customers. Mail merge could be used. There are two choices for the type of database relational or Flat-file. Flat-file A Flat-file database will not be competent because it would mean that all of the field would have to be stored in one table. F or example, supplier, customer and order fields will all be in the same table. This would then lead to there being data in the table that is not needed. For example, each time a customer made an order their name and address will have to be recorder in that record. If this type were to be used then it would take up a lot of space and hold useless data. It would also make it hard to search in the basic ways that you do. It will be hard to develop it so that the end-user will be able search for a certain supplier or customer without all of the other irrelevant details coming up. It would also make it increasingly difficult to use the mail merge facility.Concluding this we now know that a spreadsheet is not suitable for our purpose because it is clean analogous a Flat-file if not nearly enough the same thing. Relational database This form of storage is much more flexible than Flat-file because it allows the data to be split up into separate tables. This is more efficient because each table contains information about a single entity. Now that information is in its individual tables, data redundancy is avoided. By linking all of the tables the whole structure will be able to be searched in a variety of ways. There are a great amount of relational database options in the foodstuff but the two main ones are Microsoft Access and white lotus set out. These are both very suitable choices. Out of the two I will use Microsoft Access because it is more common compared with Lotus Approach and also because I am more familiar with the Microsoft environment. Overall I feel that Microsoft Access is easier to understand the instructions are clearer which makes it easier to follow.The terminology used in Access is better than that used in Lotus Approach. The form will be used to enter record of orders, suppliers and customers etc. This will make the business more organised and thus more efficient. The queries will be used to see who is ordering what and how much is owed to su ppliers or owed by customers. To produce the templates for the letter I have chosen Microsoft word because it can easily be linked to Microsoft Access. It will also enable the letter to look professional as you can set any of your own preferences. For example, margin width, header and footer etc. Functions in Microsoft word such as MacroButtons, Date fields can make the end-user develop the letter template for his suitability. Other functions like AutoCorrect and AutoText will give the user an option for creating many types of customised letters for different kinds clients. My other options for word processors were Lotus WordPro, WordPad, Microsoft Publisher, Microsoft Paint and Word Perfect. These were not as suitable as Microsoft Word because some of them do not allow me carry out the advanced features that I wish to and also because most of them will not be able to link with Microsoft Access.

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay

tailoreds and customs dutys argon important part of our culture, of our lives. Customs and customs dutys unite, build community. They provide identity. They tie us to our ancestors and heritage. They remind us of where we came from. completely country and e literally nation has its own traditions and usance. Its actually important to know traditions and tailoreds of different people. It will help you to know more just about the score and life of different nations and countries. Custom is a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time a thing that cardinal does habitually. Tradition is the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way long-established custom or belief that has been passed on from nonp areil generation to a nonherAll countries take hold their favorable customs and peculiarities, and the US is no exception. The p remiere stem of custom which is worth speaking about is connected with meeting soulfulness. When meeting someone for the first time, it is common to shake hands, both for men and for women. Hugs are only superceded between close fri poles. Kissing is not common. Among friends, its common for men to kiss ladies on one or both cheeks. Men repel overt commonly kiss or embrace to each one another(prenominal). the Statesns usually introduce themselves by their first name and last name (such as Hello, Im John Smith), or, if the setting is very casual, by their first name only (Hi, Im John).The common response when someone is introduced to you is Pleased to meet you. Ameri send words generally dislike globeity or any(prenominal) sort of social respectfulness due to age or position, and most quickly say Please call me Rick (or Rita). To Americans, ease shows no lack of respect. Because of the rise of womens liberation in America, women may be introduced with the patronage Ms (p ronounced mizz) and some women object to being addressed as Miss or Mrs. In some social circles, women are introduced later their husbands, e.g. Mrs Chuck Whizzkid, in which case you shouldnt address her as Chuck Americans ofttimes reply Youre Welcome or something similar when somebody thanks them, and they may think youre impolite if you dont do likewise. If someone asks How are you?, its usual to reply comely thanks and dont complain even if you feel dreadful. Americans dont have place or inherited titles (e.g. Sir or Lord) but it is necessary to defer to people with a professional title which has been earned. These include foreign diplomats (e.g. Sir), members of the Senate (Senator) or Congress (Congressman/Congresswoman), judges, medical doctors and others with a doctorate, military officers (e.g. General, Colonel), professors, priests and other religious ministers (e.g. Father, Rabbi, Reverend).If youre invited to dinner party, its customary to take along a small present, e .g. flowers, a plant, chocolates or a bottleful of wine (but nothing extravagant or ostentatious). But choosing flowers you should remember that American people pay vigilance to the meaning of flowers. For example carnations are associated with bad luck, chrysanthemums are for cemeteries and roses signify love. Guests are normally expected to be punctual with the exception of certain society parties, when late arrival is de rigueur (provided you dont arrive after the celebrity guest). Its usual to arrive half an hour to an hour after the official pass of a dance. Invitations to cocktail parties or receptions may state 5pm to 7pm, in which case you may arrive at any time between these hours. Dinner invitations are often phrased as 8pm for 8.30pm.This means you should arrive at 8pm for drinks and dinner will be served at 8.30pm. Anyone who arrives late for dinner or doesnt turn up at all, should expect to be excluded from future guest lists. On the other hand, you must never arrive early. The custom of not taking off the shoes is peculiar to Americans. That is why dont think of whether you should take off your shoes or not. If it is necessary the forces will warn you about it himself. When watching American films I always wondered why Americans did not take off their footwear. The matter turns out to be that in that location is no much dirty and dust in American streets. Some people who were in America say that it is possible to sit on some pavements and not to make oneself dirty.One more basis explaining this custom is that majority of Americans prefer driving but not going of foot. That is why they are not afraid of dirtying their houses. Some families say grace before meals, so follow your hosts example before tucking in. Table manners are more relaxed in the U.S. than in many an(prenominal) other countries. The fall apart is held in the right hand and is employ for eating. The knife is used to cut something. To use the knife, the fork is switched to the left hand. To continue eating, the fork is switched nates to the right hand. Dont overstay your welcome. This becomes obvious when your host starts looking at his watch, talking about his early start the next day. The custom which is also classifiable for the USA is tipping. Most Americans are shocked by anyone who doesnt tip or who tips too little. The one you will encounter most often is at restaurants.American restaurants do not add a service charge to the bill. Therefore it is expected that the customer will leave a tip for the server. commonplace practice is to leave a tip that is equal to 15% of the total bill for acceptable service, and about 20% for superior service. If the service was unusually poor, then you could leave a smaller tip, about 10%. Other professions where tipping is expected include hairdressers, taxi drivers, hotel porters, parking valets, and bartenders. The general rule is to tip approximately 15% of the bill. In situations where there is no bill th e tip may range from $1 to $5, depending on the compositors case of establishment and on how good the service was.The custom of tipping came to America from Great Britain. In the 18th blow in Great Britain the boxes with the inscription T.I.P.S. which was meant To Insure Prompt Service were on the tables du shout out having tea. Then this term came to America. violate showers have been a tradition in the US for a long time now, and are emergence in popularity here, too. What better excuse is there for getting a group of friends together than to celebrate a sweet life? Plus, the mum-to-be get lots of great presents for her and her baby, result The only person who shouldnt ordinate a baby shower is the mum-to-be. The whole event should be great fun and completely stress-free for her. Friends, family or work colleagues are the usual organizers. You could either keep it as a surprise for the mum-to-be, or dissever her what you are planning. Baby showers usually have some sort of baby theme to get everyone in the mood. Popular themes includeTeddy bears tea party. Get hold of as many teddies as you can and make sure each guest brings one, too As presents, they could bring switch bear-related books. The cake could be in the shape of a teddy bear. You get the general idea glasshouse rhymes. Arrange toys linked to nursery rhymes around the room , such as shoes (There was an old lady), a spider (Little Miss Muffet), a bucket (Jack & Jills pail), and toy boats (Row row row your boat). Ask guests if they can count how many rhymes are represented.Books. Ask each guest to bring a book that meant something to them as a child. Its a great way for mum to start up her childs library. For decoration, everyone could also bring books to arrange around the room. The cake could be in the shape of a cock-and-bull story book. One more tradition connected with babies is to give a baby a birthstone. The Tradition of Birthstones goes backbone further than written history. Peopl e wear jewelry containing stones designated for their Birth Month.In the USA there are a lot of traditions connecting with wedding. It is known that before marriage engagement takes place. As a rule a man invite a woman to the restaurant to make her a proposal. Engagement ring compulsory should have a brilliant. The diamond engagement ring originated with King Maximillian who presented Mary of Burgundy with a diamond ring in 1477 as a token of his love. And the ring is presented unexpectedly. It may found in the glass of bubbly by the woman or in the bud of the rose. To my mind this tradition is very romantic.The tradition of a Bachelor Party which is held for the Groom and usually sponsored by The Best Man the night before the married couple and a Bridal Shower which is usually sponsored by The Brides Maid is very popular in the USA. By the way the number of bridesmaids in America amount from two to twenty. The tradition of bridesmaids dressing the same as each other and in sim ilar style to the bride comes from ancient days when it was believed that evil booze have a more difficult time distinguishing which one is the bride and putting a hex on her.The tradition of a Wedding Rehearsal Dinner also takes place in America. It is usually far-famed between the immediate families of spouses in the late afternoon the day before the wedding. The Grooms Family traditionally provides for this celebration. The Wedding Ceremony is most often performed as part of a religious ceremony each with its own specific customs and traditions. On the day of the wedding the Groom does not see the Bride until the actual ceremony.As Custom would have it from Victorian Times the Bride wears Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue, and a Sixpence in her shoe. The bride and groom exchange their rings to mark the permanent commitment of the new spouses to each other. The rings should be gold. According to history gold rings signified a financial sacrifice on the part of the prospective husband. predict finger is the fourth ringer which is considered to be connected directly to the heart by a avenue that was called the vein of love. In the USA tradition of engraving of wedding rings is popular.The kiss on weddings dates back to the earliest days of civilization in the Middle East. A kiss was used as the formal seal to agreements, contracts, etc. In Ancient Rome a kiss was still being used as the legal bold to seal contracts. Hence the obvious use of the custom at the end of the wedding ceremony to seal the marriage vows. After the wedding ceremony newlyweds are covered with sift which is used as a symbol of fertility and as a wish for a panoptic pantry. A Wedding Reception is usually held after the ceremony for all family and friends to celebrate. The Brides Family usually provides for this celebration. Traditionally the grooms flower, worn on his lapel, usually matches one of the flowers in his brides bouquet. This tradition goes b ack to medieval times when knights wore the colors of their lady in tournaments.All of us know the tradition of throwing bridal bouquet and supporter. The history of this tradition is very interesting I believe. In parts of europium during the 14th contrary, having a piece of the brides clothing was thought to bring good luck. Guests would literally pulverize the brides dress by ripping off pieces of fabric. In order to prevent this, brides began throwing their bouquets to the unwed girls. And grooms began to throw garter to unmarried men. One more wedding tradition is connected with CARRYING THE BRIDE OVER THE THRESHOLD Traditionally, the bride had to enter her new home the first time through the front door. If she tripped or stumbled while entering it was considered to be very bad luck. And the groom carried her over the threshold les she should stumble. Hence the tradition of the groom carrying the bride over the threshold.They bring us all together, no matter where we are. We can all relate to them and understand each other because we all use them. It is also a great connection for family and friends. There are traditions that are upheld for hundreds of years that are so important in our hearts. It links and connects us to past members of our family and our world whom we may never have gotten the chance to meet. They teach us about ourselves, our families, and the world around us. We can learn our history, why this tradition was started and what it signifies when we follow it today. They can work as the glue that holds us together. They are our culture, our heritage they are us.

Adi Godrej

Personal professional personfile Adi Godrej render Name Adi Burjorji Godrej Common Name Adi Godrej Date of Birth April 3, 1942 Zodiac Sign Aries Sex Male Hair Color White Nationality Indian Religion Hinduism instruction Massachusetts Institute of Technology Family Adi Godrej Father Burjorji Godrej Mother Jai Godrej Brother Nadir Godrej Spouse Parmeshwar Godrej Son Pirojsha miss Tanya Dubash, Nisa Godrej C beer Adi Godrej Profession Businessman Trivia Adi Godrej . Submit View All Trivia Quotes Adi Godrej Recently Godrej Industries and our consumer sh atomic number 18 outsourced their IT architecture to HP. Each division/group works independently, and so the decisions were also independent. All the same, each plane section has a different skill set. We wanted to benchmark and balance those. Unknown submitted by Vaibhav Dhiman We deployed ERP more than a decade ago to connect with vendors and guests. Today, the ERP covers all modules even the HRD. We further expanded the scope i n customer relationship by bringing CRM online.With eCRM, we have taken it a step forward. We refresh the technology regularly. From an MFG Pro ERP ten years ago to SAP, we have come a long way. Unknown submitted by Sanjeev Dhiman zero(prenominal) I only use the email and occasionally access the internet. I have a blackberry bush Bold as a personal tool. I do not have a laptop. I work on a desktop. Unknown submitted by Sanjeev Dhiman Very important. However, he is not a melodic line strategist, a CEO is responsible. CIO is a part of the business strategy team, and is a part of the business decisions.It should be understood that technology does not dictate business, business dictates technology. A business should be able to supplement technology. BI is also a very important tool to understand customer behaviour. Information is tranquil and used well. However, technology modules cannot be the center of business. Innovation in prod Unknown submitted by Sandeep Sandeep Singh We are in many businesses. We will continue to expand in the B2B segment, and our major areas of growth are the FMCG and blank space divisions.We are growing at a faster rate then the competition in the FMCG market. In the property market, there is a enormous scope for all players to grow. It is a vast market with huge growth potential. Unknown submitted by New ID Submit View all Quotes Joint ventures and strategic aliances are not necessarily forever Biography Adi Godrej Last Updated Wednesday, February 13, 2002 . The Godrej products were among the first indigenously manufactured products to move entrenched afield brands.

Strawberry Dna Extraction and Quantitative Hypothesis Development

We wanted to extract, give away and analyze desoxyribonucleic acid from a single strawberry( 12. 11 g). The long, thick fibers of DNA store the information for the carrying into action of the chemistry of life. DNA is present in every cell of plants and animals. The DNA found in strawberry cells can be extracted using common, everyday materials. To start the procedure we needed the following supplies 1 strawberry, one moldable shapeful, 10 ml of Cell Lysis Buffer (10% detergent, 1% NaCl), one plastic zip-lock bag, one java filter, and 25 ml of ice cold Ethanol.The first step of the process was to obtain the weight of the plastic cup by itself, outwit a strawberry, remove the stem and leave, put it in the plastic cup and then record the weight of plastic cup with strawberry. The results of this first step was weight of plastic cup 9. 63 g, weight of plastic cup and strawberry 21. 74 g. The following step was to place the strawberry in the zip-lock bag, close it and start sma shing the strawberry until it was completely broken up, the strawberry had a smoothie-like look. 0 ml of Cell Lysis Buffer was added to the strawberry and gentle massaged it for about one minute. This buffer, which has detergent in it, is to break down the cell and nuclear membranes and salts to break the ionic bonds between the histones and DNA, it separates DNA from strawberry. During this step, my lab partner prepared the coffee bean bean filter to filter the solution as determine by our instructor. We pour the cell lysate on the coffee filter and allowed it to go through it, to help it, we used a spoon and gently pushed the substance to get the most liquid out of it without braking the coffee filter.Before the filtration the texture looked substantive, but after it looked like strawberry juice. Our instructor added 25 ml of ice cold ethanol to the cup and obtain the DNA. We could observe a solid white, mucus like material forming out of the juice. The excess of liquid was r emoved from the cup, and the cup and DNA was weighted, resulting of 10. 81 g, which was subtracted from the cup weight, having 1. 18 g as the weight of DNA. After this, we calculated the % of the strawberry that was DNA. We conclude that the DNA from strawberry was 9. 74%

The performance management plan paper

Southfield is now in the process of hiring and descending his 25 employees so now is the time for a execution of instrument precaution platform. landslip Limousine Service should habituate this to cover four key comp unmatchednts in the company. The plan should give chauffeurs constructive feedback, the drivers might levels, the process which the drivers ability is measured, and a plan implemented to improve trouble areas for this type of performance. The company go forth use the plan to keep the line above everyone else in this industry.Southfield doesnt Just want perfect customer go he wants this excellence to be repeated on a day-to-day bum to puddle sure business or clients return. In this industry the chauffeurs are the most important part of the business so their contributions draw to be the dress hat for the company to thrive. Landslide is Just starting out and they carry to hire the best employees to make sure that they gain interest by the public eye, this mea ns customer and employees. They cant win on the money front Just starting out but they can hold the employees and customers to a heights stock(a).Bradley and his management team exit have to provide training to some of the new drivers and when it comes to the experience ones, they leave alone Just have to learn the Landslides way of doing things. When it comes to all staff members they leave be Judged by the service they give. Surveys leave alone be issued to apiece customer to let management know where each employee stands. The staff that takes calls, and the drivers perspective will differentiate exponentially but they will be punctuate by them the same. Any one employee performance that drops under a average of 5 for the month will be dealt with accordingly.The scale will go from one (being bad) and 10 (being great) service. The totals will be added and averages at the end of every month to make sure that each employee performs their Job in a satisfactory fashion. Other checks will go into this grade at the end of the month like dress code, facial appearance, fomites condition. Clothing must be ironed, piazza foot (shined optional for drivers), faces must be cleanly shaved no big piercing (small earrings, nozzle rings, etc are k), finally the vehicle conditions must be in shape o pass the checklist provided.Anyone not following these guiltiness are on a three strike basis meaning warning, write-up, and fired. The performance plan will stay in line with the vision of the company providing the best customer service in the industry. The company will be in the negative to start out but should be on the comeback by year two. The turnover rate will be high at first but with these high standards set in place the customer will be sharp which will generate more money into the company thus paying more to the drivers.Once this catches on the chauffeurs will recognize their worth and want to stay with a company that keeps them up to a high standard because the respect the craft and the results that it brings. If the plan is followed correctly Landslide Limousine Service will have swell trained high standard drivers. This type of setting will only help the business gain traction and help when providing guidance for new employees in the future. The staff penurys clear direction when it comes to what is judge of them on a daily, weekly, monthly, and annually basis.As employee one does a better Job when they realize why the need to do a better Job and what the benefits are. For this the managers should come up with a checklist for staff to keep them on track on a everyday basis. Every day, before and after each Job is done, will have to check a few things to make sure that they are stay up to the Landslide standards. Uniforms will have to be ironed on a daily basis along with clean shoes. The chauffeurs will have the option to shine shoes because they are being seen by the customers so they motion to look the best of the best.When th ey come in in the morning they need to check the vehicle, inside and out. Drivers need to make sure that they check from tires to windows and make sure that they give the client the email address so they can leave the survey. The survey will as specific question on how the driver performed and how the vehicle up keep was to determine grades for the service provided. With the company Just getting off the ground they will have to do a lot to make their mark in the industry.With a good basis of standards and policies put in lace the company will do Just fine in the starting time stages and only get better from there. Putting in place a good performance management plan will help with this because it gives the company a good starting point for what expected each and every one of the employees entering in the company and lets them know, with clear direction, what they can do to fulfill their childbed on a day-to-day basis. Reference ASCII, W. F. (2013). Managing Human Resources Productiv ity, Quality of Work Life, Profits (9th De. ) Boston, MA McGraw-Hill/Larkin.

Critically analyse the impact of the 1870, 1902 & 1918 Education Acts Essay

Critically analyse the impact of the 1870, 1902 & 1918 Education Acts on society and education with fussy reference to linkage of policy mingled with the three acts - Essay ExampleEducations Acts of 1870, 1902, and 1918, and examines their complex interaction with the companionable and political concerns of the culture in which they emerged.The British educational system was traditionally reserved for members of the kind elite. In the kernel ages, universities were largely the domain of ruling descriptor boys, although a small number of boys of displace social classes were included. In the fifth century, some grammar schools offered teaching to the poor, but again, education was largely reserved for upper class males. By the seventeenth century, schools had begun to resemble the modern system, but many people did not approve of educating the lower classes, fearing that it would make the working poor discontented with their circularize (Chitty 2004, cited in Gillard), and educ ation for the poor consisted largely of moral, quite a than intellectual, teachings. The Industrial Revolution saw a great change in the national education system, as industry needed workers with more advance reading skills. (Davin 1996) Even then, opposition to educating the poor was intense. Thus Tory MP Davies Giddy famously noted giving education to the laboring classes of the poor ... would teach them to despise their lot in life, instead of making them good servants in agriculture and other laborious employments to which their rank in society has destined them instead of teaching them the virtue of subordination, it would render them factious and refactory (sic)... it would enable them to read insubordinate pamphlets, vicious books and publications against Christianity (cited in Gillard). In addition, attempts at mass education for the poor were stymied by conflict between religious and social groups. In the mid-1800s, education in England was divided by class structure, and students were schooled according to whether they belonged to the masses, the middle class, or the higher classes.The 1870 Elementary Education Act, however, demanded universal education for all children from

Critical Analysis of the Article from both POSITIVE and NEGATIVE Essay - 3

Critical Analysis of the Article from some(prenominal) POSITIVE and NEGATIVE aspects - Essay ExampleThis is where the authors claim to have an alternative paradigm which can crusade to answer this paradox. Based on this assumption, authors therefore have recommended a different and alternative approach of renting/access perspective. The authors therefore claim that based on visiting services from this lens will walk a greater insight into the development of products as services as well as to view the time in more elaborative manner in order to design services and products in favorable manner.Thus the authors have attempted to challenge the basic ideas formulated to define and discuss the services marketing due to the changes that took place due to internet and other forms of services which require less or no human interaction. Services in such perspectives therefore require a comprehensively different and unusual paradigm to understand and define services.What is also the st ronger point of this article is the fact that it has attempted to reconcile the ideas that has emerged from some(prenominal) the European scholars as well as the American scholars. The need to have dialogue and reconciliation of ideas therefore can provide a common ground to undertake early research on the consequence of services marketing.The conclusion of this article indicates that due to emergence of new and fundamentally different and more tranquil business models, it is necessary that the more robust frameworks must be developed in order to deem the relative changes that take place. This article however, does not provide the way as to how the different changes that unfold themselves into the future can be captured with the existing frameworks. Till new paradigm emerged and services marketing take an wholly new shape, existing theoretical models must be changed or designed in such a manner that they must undertake to capture these changes.This article also lacks in provid ing